New York regulators have launched a statewide review of how electric, gas, steam and water utilities calculate and issue estimated bills.
The state Public Service Commission said the proceeding will examine how frequently utilities rely on estimated readings, whether their billing methods are accurate and transparent, and whether smart meters have reduced the need for estimates.
The review follows a December 2025 directive from Gov. Kathy Hochul asking the Department of Public Service to determine whether changes are needed. Regulators will also consider whether additional customer refunds, penalties or other consequences should be imposed when utilities rely unnecessarily on estimated bills.
Commission Chair Rory Christian said providing accurate bills is a basic requirement for utilities.
State law allows utilities to issue estimated bills under certain circumstances, including when severe weather or access problems prevent an actual meter reading. The commission said, however, some utilities may rely on estimates more frequently or for longer periods than necessary.
All affected utilities and municipal systems must provide the commission with information within 30 days, including:
- Their approved methods for calculating estimated bills
- Their procedures for obtaining actual meter readings
- The number and percentage of estimated bills issued during each of the past 10 years
- The number and percentage of smart meters operating in their service territories during that period
Department of Public Service staff will then have 180 days to prepare a report for public comment.
The report will examine barriers to obtaining actual readings, the causes and frequency of estimated billing, the accuracy of utilities’ estimation methods and the effect of smart-meter technology.
Staff will also recommend potential changes to utility billing practices and assess whether additional restrictions, customer refunds or penalties are warranted.
